Telephone-transmitter.



Mmm'm 050.131,, 190?.

' HIP GLAUSEN;

TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER. Arrmgmlon FILED ane i zo, 19oz. RENEWEDA1PE.6,1905.

2 SHiSETB-BHEET 1.

PATENTED DEC. 31, 1907.

1 l m. 875,156. H. P. GLAUSBN. TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER. APPLICATION FILEDAUG. 20/1902. RENEWED APR. 6, 1905.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1 UNITEi) @IATEtei PATENT FFICE.

HENRY P. OLAUSEN, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN ELECTRICTELEPHONE COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION.

TE LE PHONE-TRANSMITTER.

Patented Dec. 3 1, 1907.

Application filed August Z0. 1:02, Serial No. 120.283- Renewed April6,1905. Serial No. 254,110.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, I'IENRY I. OLAUsEN, a citizen of the United Statesof America, and resident of Chicago, Cook county, Illi- 5 nois, haveinvented a certain new and use ful Improvement in'lelephoneTransmitters, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to telephone transmitters constructed on themicrophone principle and involving, preferably, a quantity of granulatedcarbon orother comminuted material interposed between the electrodeswhich are caused to move relatively toward and away from each other,when the diaphragm of the transmitter is vibrated by the sound waves.

Generally stated, it is the object of my invention to provide a simple,compact, comparatively inexpensive and highly eliicient transmitter oithe foregoing character, which will correctly and clearly transmitspeech.

A special object is to provide a coi'istrw'ition and arrangement forobtaining a highly effective and beneficial action of a pair of maindiaphragms arranged in conjunction with a pair of supplementaldiaphragms.

It is also an object of my invention to provide certain details andfeatures oi improvement tending to increase the gcncral cliicicney andserviceability of a telephone transmitter of this character.

To'the foregoing and oi her useful cnds my invention consists in mattersand things l'iereinafter set forth and claimed.

in the accompanying drawings Figure 'l is a side elevation ol atransmitter eniluady ing the principles ol my invention. his is anenlarged sccl ion on line 2-2 ol' Fig. l.

40 Fig. 3 is a view showing the two diaphragms and the dill'cmnt partsol' the microphone separated.

As illustratwl, my improved mioroplu'ine transmitter comprises asuitable body A, a

mouth-piece l3, -and a pair of opposiicly ar ranged diaphragms and l).

it will be observed, that the construction of the casing is such thatthe atmospheric vibrations passing through the molllh-piccc arcconducted to a point where they will impinge on. the central portions olthe said main or acoustic diaphragms {I and l A pair cl supplementaldiaphragms i and .l, preferably ol mica or some other springy orresilient material, are arranged between the main (liaphrngn s, and arepreferably connected with the latter by means of bolts or screws 6, f.The carbon blocks, or electrodes e and f, are mounted on "the saidsupplemental diaphragms and are inoloscd within the chamber provided bythe latter and the separating ring G.

The two supplemental diaphragmscan be clamped on the said ring by meansof threaded and flanged clamping rings g, g. The construction may besuch that the two supplemental diaphragms are held between the carbonelectrodes and the metal blocks 6 f Granular carbon H, or other likecomminuted material, can be inclosed 'between the two carbon electrodes,as illus trated. Withthis arrangement the talking or transmitter circuitcan include the main and supplemental diaphragms and carbon electrodesin series. For example, the conductor 1 can be secured to the maindiaphragm G, and the other conductor 2 can be secured to the maindiapliragm D. In this way the circuit not only includes the diaphragmsand electrodes in series, but also the granular carbon, and the latterwhen subject to the vibrations of the dinphragms varies the resistanceof the circuit in. the well known manner. When the voice vibrationsimpinge upon the twi) main diaphragms the latter 'lirst move inward soas to cause the two carbon electrodes to move toward each other and thereaction then causes the electrodes to separate. This movement ofelectrodes is of course attended on by a vibratory movement of the twosupplemental diaphragms,

.itwill be readily understood that any other springy or resilientmaterial can be employed for the supplemental diaphragine. 9 5 The ring(i, can, if desired, be supported and held against movement by a web orwall 3.

'lhus it will be seen that 1 provide a pair of positively movableelectrodes, each e cotrodc being vibrated positively by a maindiaphragm. .ln this way I. secure a greater extent ol' movement betweenthe two elec trodes and consequently a greater variation in theresistance of the transmitter circuit. As a result the transmitter isvery sensitive and capable of more accurately transmitting speech.

The ring (.l is removable from the ring or annulus H to which the maindiaphragms are secured at their edges. In this way, the diaphra ms andelectrodes are all organized into a se f-contained microphone which isre- 5 movable as a unit from the rear end ofthe transmitter casing. Anysuitable means can be em loyed for securing the said unitary microp onein place in the casing. With this construction, both the main andauxiliary or supplemental diaphragms are held against movement 'at theiredges or marginal portions.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A telephone transmitter comprising a pair of main diaphragms, amouth-piece and a casing adapted to direct sound waves against both ofsaid main diaphragms a pair 0 supplemental dia hragms arranged betweensaid main 1a hragms," each diaphragm supported in ependentl of theothers, electrode surfaces carrie by said supplemental diaphragms, saidelectrode surfaces thereby being movable toward and away from eachother, and granular carbon interposed between said electrode surfaces,said main diaphragms being firmly held and rigidly separated at theiredges.

2. A'telephone transmitter comprising a pair of main diaphragms, amouth-piece and a casing adapted to direct sound waves against both ofsaid main diaphragms a pair of supplemental mica diaphragms, eachdiaphragm supported independently of the others, carbon blocks carriedby'said mica supplemental diaphragms, said carbon blocks thereby beingmovable toward and away from each other, means for connecting thesupplemental diaphragms with the said main diaphragms, and .granularcarbon interposed between said carbon blocks said mam diaphragms beingfirmly held and rigidly separated at their edges.

3. A telephone transmitter comprising a pair of main diaphragms, a airof supplemental diaphragms arrange between said main dia hragms, eachdiaphragm supported indepen ently of the others, a ring separat-' ingthe two sup lemental diaphragms, clamping rings for c amping the twosupplemental diaphragms upon said separating ring, electrode surfacescarried by said sup- )lemental diaphragms, both electrode suracesthereby being vibratory or movable toward and away from each other,means for connecting the supplemental diaphragms with the maindiaphragms, and granular carbon interposed between said electrodesurfaces said main diaphragms being firmly held and rigidly separated attheir edges.

4. In a telephone transmitter, the combination of a pair of maindiaphragms, a air of supplemental diaphragms between sair maindiaphragms, each diaphragm supported independently of the others, asupport for holdmg the marginal portions of the supplemenelectrodescarried by said supplemental dia- 'phragms and connected with said maindiaphragms, granular carbon between said electrodes, and a mouth-pieceand acasing adapted to direct sound waves against both of said maindiaphragms said main diaphragms being firmly held and rigidly separatedat their edges.

6. A telephone transmitter comprising two oppositely arranged vibratoryelectrodes, granular carbon between said electrodes, a plurality ofdiaphragms for supporting and vibrating both ofsaid electrodes, astation- 'ary box located between said diaphragms and inclosing saidgranular carbon and electrodes, and a mouth-piece and a casing fordirecting sound-waves against the outer surfaces of both of saiddiaphragms said main diaphragms being firmly held and rigidly separatedat their edges.

7. A telephone transmitter comprising a pair of main diaphragms,oppositely arranged electrodes each connected with and an ported byoneof said main diaphragms, aox like structure inclosing said electrodesand hav-- ing oppositely arranged s ringy walls each connected with oneof sai electrodes, a staa tionary support for said box-like structure, amouth-piece and a casing adapted to direct sound waves against the saidinain diaphragms, and granular carbon between said 1'10 electrodes saidmain diaphragms being firmly held and rigidly separated at their edges.

8. A telephone transmitter comprising a pair of main diaphragms, a airof movable electrodes each connected wit 1 and supported by one of saidmain dia )hragms, granular carbon between said e ectrodes, a boxlikestructure inclosing said electrodes and granular carbon, said box-likestructure having a pair of oppositely arranged springy walls eachmechanically connected with one or said electrodes, and a mouth pieceand a casing adapted to direct sound waves against said main dia ln'agmssaid main diaphragms being firmly ield and rigidly separated at theiredges. v 9,2 A telephone transmitter comprising a pair of maindiaphragms, a air of movable electrodes each connected wit 1 andsupported by one of said main diaphragms, granular carbon between saidelectrodes, a box like structure inclosing the saidelectrodes and,granular carbon, said box like structure hav-' ing a pair of oppositelyarranged mica disks each connecte with one of said electrodes,

a stationary sup ort for said box like structure, and a suita lemouth-piece and casing for directing sound waves against both oftheiredges.

10. A telephone transmitter comprising a transmitter-case having asound-chamber, a removable microphone provided with a carbon'chamber,two oppositely-disposed electrodes within the carbon-chamber, carbonbetween said electrodes, flexible covers for said carbon-chamber, twosound-diaphragms of relatively larger size than the flexible coverslocated on o posite sides of the carbonchamber, said iaphragms supportedinde pendently of said covers, and means interposed between theelectrodes and sound-diaphragms, whereby the vibrations of thesound-diaphragms will be communicated to the electrodes, said sounddiaphragms being held at their edges.

11. In a telephone-transmitter, a microphone, comprising an annulus withan in wardly-projecting flange, a pair of flexible disk covers connectedat their outer edges to saidflange, a pair of sound-die hragms securedat their center to said flexi .le disk covers, said diaphragms su portedindependently of said covers, electrodes mounted on the inner side ofsaid flexible disk covers, and means introduced between said sounddiaphragms and electrodes, whereby the motion of the sound-diaphragmswill be communicated to the electrodes, said sound diaphragms being heldat theiredges.

12. In a telephone transmitter, a microphone, comprising an annulushaving a recess on each face, a pair of sound-diaphragms located in saidrecesses, said annulus also provided with an inwardly-projecting flange,a pair of flexible disk covers connected at their outer edges to saidflange, said diaphragms supported independently of said covers, a

pair. of electrodes mounted on the inner side of said flexible covers,and means introduced between said sound-diaphragms and eleciJIOdOSWlIQIBbY the motion of the sound-diaphragms will be communicated to theelectrodes, said sound diaphragms being held at their edges. v

13. A telephone transmitter comprising a wholly sclf-wmtained microphonedevice, which of itself is capable of transmitting sound, and a supporttherefor having such construction that a sound-receiving clmmbcr willexist between it and the microphone structure, said microphonecomprising two main diaphragms held at their edges, and two auxiliarydiaphragms held at their edges and located between said main diaphragms,\said main diaphragms being supported independently of the saidauxiliary diaphragms.

14. In a telephone transmitter the combination with a vsupport providedwith a sound-chamber, of a structurally independent microphone deviceremovable from said support and capable when so removed of serving as anefficient sound-transmitting device, said microphone comprising two maindiaphragms held at their edges, and two auxiliary diaphragms locatedbetween' main diaphragms being supported independently of the saidauxiliary diaphragms.

15. A telephone transmitter formed of two members structurallyindependent, one a support having asound-chamber, and the other anindependent self contained and functionally operative sound transmittingmicrophone, said microphone comprising two main diaphragms held at theiredges, two auxiliary diaphragms located between said main diaphra s, andelectrodes supported by the diap .ragms; A

- 16. A telephone transmitter comprising a transmitter-case having asound-chamber, a removable microphone provided with a carbon-chamber,two oppositely disposed electrodes, within the carbon-chamber, carbonbetweensaid-electrodes, flexible covers phragms of relatively largersize than the of the carbon-chamber, means rigidly con-- necting theedges of the diaphragms with the edges of the said covers, and meansintcrposed between the electrodes ands'ounddiaphragms, whereby thevibrations of the sound-d1aphragms will be communicated to theelectrodes, said -diaphragms and'electrodes being all removable as aunit'from the rear end of the transmitter.

17. In a telephone transmitter, a micro phone, comprising an annuluswith an in wardly projecting flange, a pair of flexible disk coversconnected at their outer'edges to said flange, a pair ofsound-diaphragms secured at their center to said fiexibledisk covers,but supported independently of said covers, electrodes mounted on theinner side of said flexible disk covers, and means introduced betweensaid sound-diaphragms and electrodes, whereby the motion of the sounddiaphragms will be communicated to the electrodes, andsaid diaphragmsand electrodes being all ron'iovable as a unit from the rear cnd ol' thetransmitter. v

.18. In a telephone transmitter, a micro phone, comprising an annulushavinga reccss on each face, a pair of sound-diaphragms clamped in saidrecesses, said annulus also provided with an inwardly projecting flange,a pair of llcxiblc disk covers connected at flexible covers located onopposite sides? their outer edges to said flange, a pair ofandconnecting sa1d main diaphragms, said 3 for said carbon-chamber, .twosound-diaelectrodes mounted on the inner side of said flexible disks,and means introduced between said sound-diaphragms and electrodes,Whereby the motion of the sound-diaphragms will be communicated to theelectrodes, and said diaphragms and electrodes being all removable .as aunit from the rear end of the transmitter.

19. In a telephone transmitter, the combination ofv a support having asoundchamber open at one end, a microphone capable of acting as asound-transmitter independently of the support, having two oppositelydisposed sound- (liaphragms, two vibrating electrodes, and two auxiliarydiaphragms said microphone located centrally of said sound-chamber andwith its diaphragms so disposed as to leave soundspaces between thefaces of said diaphragms dependently of said auxiliary 'sa1d di'aphragmsand electrod bination with a support provided with a serving as aneflicient devlce, comprismg two main d1aphragms,r

sound-chamber, of a structurally independent microphone device removablefrom said support and capable when so removed of sound transmitting Itwo auxiliary diaphragms, and two elecend of the transmitter.

trodes, said, diaphragms and electrodes being all removable as a unitfrom the rear 21; A telephone transmitter formed of two membersstructurally independent, one a' support having a sound-chamber and theother an independent self-contained and I functionally operat1vesound-transmitting microphone comprising two main diaphragms, twoauxiliary diaphragms, and two electrodes,

said diaphragms-and electrodes being all re-' a transmitter-case havingasound-chamber,

movable as a unit "i'rom he rear end of'the transmitter.

22. A 'telephone' transmitter comprising a removable microphone providedwith a carbon-chamber, two oppositely disposed electrodes within bonbetween said electrodes, flexible covers for said carbon-chamber, twosound-diaphragrns of relativelydarger size than the flexible coverslocated on opposite sides of the. carbon-chamber, a ring for the covers,a ring or annulus for the diaphra ms, and

means interposed between t e eectrodes and sound-dlaphragms, whereby thevibrationsof the sound-diaphragms will becommunicated to the electrodes,the said ring to which the flexible covers are secured being removablefrom the said rmgor annulus to which the main diaphragms are secured.

' ring annulus for the diaphragms,

. bination with the carbon-chamber, car- 23. In a'telephone transmitter,a microphone, comprismg an annulus with an inwardly-projecting flange apair of flexible disk covers connected at their outer edges to said flane, a pair of sound-diaphra s secured at t eir center to said flexible'sk covers, electro desmounted on the inner side of said flexible-diskcovers, aring for the covers,-

phragms located in said recesses,said annulus I also provided with aninwardly-projecting flange, a pair of flexible disk covers connected attheir outer edges to said flange, a pair of electrodes mounted on the.inner side of said flexible disks, a ring for the covers, a and meansintroduced bet-ween said sound-diaphragms and electrodes, whereby themotion of the sound-diaphragms will be communicated to the electrodes,the said ring to which the flexible covers are secured being removablefrom the said ring or annulus to which the main 'diaphra ms are secured.

25. In a telephone transmitter, the comsound-chamber open at one en(l, adetach able mouth-piece, and a micro hone which iswholly self-containedand w ich will act a support providedwith a as a sound-transmitter whenremoved from said case and which is provided -with a diaphragm havingsuch relation to the body of the microphone that when the microphone isout of the case sound-waves cannot jpass around behind the diaphragm,there eing two concentric rings, m'aindiaphragms secured to one ring,auxiliary diaphragms secured to the other ring, the ring to which theauxiliary dia hragms are secured being removable from t e ring orannulus to which the main diaphragms are secured.

26. In a telephone transmitter, the combination of a support having asound-chamber open at one end, a microphone capable of acting as asound-transmitter independently of the sup ort, and having two opositely-di's osesound-diaphragms, said microghone ocated centrally ofsaid soundcham er and with its diaphragms so dis posed as to leavesound-spaces between the faces of said diaphragms and the sides of thesound-chamber, there being two concentric rings, main diaphragms securedto one ring, auxiliary diaphr'agms secured to the other ring, the ringto which the auxiliarydiaplufagms are secured being removable from thering or annulus to which the main diaphragms are secured.

.27. In a telephone transmitter, the combination. with a supportprovided with a soimd-ehamber open at one end, ol an independentself-contained and removable microphone having-two soundl'ares, therebeing two concentric rings, main diaphragms secured to one ring,auxiliary diaphragms secured. to the other ring, and the ring to whichthe auxiliary diaphragms are secured being removable from the ring orannulus to which the main diaphragms are secured.

28. A telephone transmitter comprising a wholly self-containedmicrophone device, which of itself capable of transmitting sound, and asupport thcrel'or having such construction that a sound-receivingchamber will exist between it and the microphone structure, there beingtwo concentric rings, main diaphragms secured to one ring, auxiliarydiaphragms secured to the other ring, to which the auxiliary diaphriurmsare secured being, removable from the ring or annulus to which the maindiaphragms are serured.

2t). In a telephone transmitter, the combination with a support providedwith a sound-chamber, ol a structurally independsaid support entmicropl'ione device removable from and capable when so removed olserving as an efl'irient sound-transmitting device, there being twoconcentric rings, main diaphragms secured to one ring, auxiliarydiaphragnis secured to the other ring, the ring to which the auxiliarydiaphragms are secured being removable from the ring or annulus to whichthe main diaphragnns are secured.

30. A telephone transmitter formed of two members struetinallyindependent, one

l l l t l l l l a support having a sound-chamber, and the other anindependent selt'-contained and function ally operative soundtransmitting microphone, there being two concentric rings, maindiaphragms secured to one ring, auxiliary diaphragms secured to theother ring, the ring to which the auxiliary (ha-- secured beingremovable from phragms are mam diathe ring or annulus to which thehragnis are secured.

Signed by me at Chicago, Cook county,

Illinois, this list day of July, 1902.

' HENRY P. CLAUSEN. 1

Witnesses:

Amrnna 1 DURAND, HARRY P. BAUMGAR'LNER.

